Table 1 The independent factors and combination of independent factors for optimization the ultrasound-assisted extraction of astaxanthin with different solvents from F. merguiensis shrimp wastes
From: Green astaxanthin extraction using microwave and ultrasound pretreatments
Run | Independent variables | Total carotenoid content (µg/g DW) | Astaxanthin concentration (mg/mL) | Astaxanthin recovery yield (%) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
X1 | X2 | X3 | Organic Solvent | Vegetable oil | Ionic microemulsion | Organic Solvent | Vegetable oil | Ionic microemulsion | Organic Solvent | Vegetable oil | Ionic microemulsion | |
1 | 5 | 200 | 5 | 46.936 | 40.745 | 76.142 | 37.539 | 38.491 | 69.142 | 83.33 | 93.66 | 91.33 |
2 | 20 | 60 | 30 | 28.476 | 17.682 | 49.682 | 21.555 | 16.205 | 48.047 | 78 | 91 | 96.33 |
3 | 5 | 130 | 17.5 | 57.332 | 35.015 | 78.92 | 45.158 | 34.11 | 72.761 | 81.33 | 97 | 91.66 |
4 | 20 | 130 | 17.5 | 35.983 | 18.666 | 48.46 | 26.761 | 16.936 | 47.11 | 75.33 | 92 | 96.66 |
5 | 5 | 60 | 30 | 59.586 | 43.253 | 79.777 | 45.888 | 41.713 | 76.301 | 78.66 | 96 | 95.33 |
6 | 5 | 200 | 30 | 64.142 | 45.364 | 90.459 | 53.444 | 43.628 | 85.475 | 85.66 | 96 | 93.66 |
7 | 12.5 | 130 | 17.5 | 53.444 | 24.047 | 65.443 | 37.793 | 19.634 | 62.031 | 71.33 | 81.33 | 94 |
8 | 12.5 | 130 | 17.5 | 35.047 | 28.856 | 74.761 | 26.285 | 27.507 | 72.412 | 81 | 94.33 | 96 |
9 | 12.5 | 60 | 17.5 | 52.078 | 14.65 | 56.555 | 43.571 | 13.968 | 53.713 | 83.66 | 94.33 | 94.33 |
10 | 12.5 | 130 | 30 | 51.31 | 26.333 | 66.682 | 41.793 | 24.872 | 63.936 | 84.66 | 93.66 | 95.33 |
11 | 20 | 60 | 5 | 31.92 | 8.682 | 50.746 | 25.555 | 7.364 | 50.333 | 80.66 | 84.66 | 98.33 |
12 | 12.5 | 130 | 5 | 44.412 | 24.079 | 65.031 | 36.618 | 22.444 | 62.65 | 84.66 | 93.66 | 96 |
13 | 20 | 200 | 5 | 36.745 | 12.84 | 44.904 | 25.793 | 10.253 | 41.237 | 69.66 | 79 | 90.66 |
14 | 12.5 | 130 | 17.5 | 49.047 | 31.92 | 65.65 | 33.317 | 30.539 | 62.269 | 71 | 95.66 | 94 |
15 | 12.5 | 130 | 17.5 | 54.444 | 16.793 | 64.73 | 38.872 | 15.888 | 62.189 | 73.33 | 94 | 95.33 |
16 | 5 | 60 | 5 | 53.618 | 31.65 | 78.047 | 42.73 | 30.507 | 73.38 | 83.66 | 96 | 93.66 |
17 | 12.5 | 200 | 17.5 | 30.84 | 27.856 | 58.523 | 21.888 | 26.095 | 56.301 | 77 | 92.33 | 95.66 |
18 | 12.5 | 130 | 17.5 | 57.063 | 24.015 | 67.031 | 41.729 | 19.221 | 64.348 | 74.33 | 79.66 | 95.33 |
19 | 12.5 | 130 | 17.5 | 53.317 | 37.945 | 70.586 | 39.682 | 36.603 | 67.364 | 77.33 | 96 | 94.66 |
20 | 20 | 200 | 30 | 45.825 | 28.729 | 47.364 | 33.031 | 27.221 | 45.714 | 72.33 | 94.33 | 96 |
