Table 5 The results of constant, linear regression coefficients of variables for the ultrasound-assisted extraction of astaxanthin with different solvents from F. merguiensis shrimp wastes

From: Green astaxanthin extraction using microwave and ultrasound pretreatments

Factor

Organic solvent

Vegetable oil

Ionic microemulsion

Coefficient estimate

df

Standard error

95% CI low

95% CI high

Coefficient estimate

df

Standard error

95% CI low

95% CI high

Coefficient estimate

df

Standard error

95% CI low

95% CI high

Total carotenoid content

Intercept

47.08

1

1.69

43.49

50.67

26.96

1

1.20

24.41

29.50

64.97

1

1.06

62.72

67.23

A.Ratio

−10.27

1

2.39

−15.34

−5.19

−10.94

1

1.70

−14.54

-7.35

-16.22

1

1.50

-19.40

-13.04

B.Power

−0.1190

1

2.39

−5.19

4.96

3.96

1

1.70

0.3652

7.56

0.2585

1

1.50

-2.92

3.44

C.Time

3.57

1

2.39

−1.50

8.65

4.34

1

1.70

0.7400

7.93

1.91

1

1.50

-1.27

5.09

0.5631

0.7701

0.8809

Adjusted R²

0.4812

0.7270

0.8586

Predicted R²

0.3288

0.6846

0.8123

Astaxanthin concentration

Intercept

35.95

1

1.34

33.12

38.78

25.16

1

1.24

22.52

27.80

61.84

1

1.12

59.45

64.22

A.Ratio

−9.21

1

1.89

−13.21

–5.20

−11.05

1

1.76

−14.78

−7.32

−14.46

1

1.59

−17.83

−11.09

B.Power

−0.7604

1

1.89

−4.76

3.24

3.59

1

1.76

−0.1357

7.32

−0.3905

1

1.59

−3.76

2.98

C.Time

2.75

1

1.89

−1.26

6.75

4.46

1

1.76

0.7292

8.19

2.27

1

1.59

−1.09

5.64

0.6194

0.7577

0.8416

Adjusted R²

0.5481

0.7123

0.8119

Predicted R²

0.3940

0.6714

0.7454

Astaxanthin recovery yield

Intercept

78.35

1

1.03

76.16

80.54

91.73

1

1.14

89.31

94.15

95.18

1

0.1932

94.77

95.58

A.Ratio

−3.67

1

1.46

−6.76

−0.5700

−3.77

1

1.61

−7.18

−0.3504

1.43

1

0.2732

0.8498

2.01

B.Power

−1.67

1

1.46

−4.76

1.43

−0.6670

1

1.61

−4.08

2.75

−0.3230

1

0.2732

−0.9022

0.2562

C.Time

−0.2660

1

1.46

−3.36

2.83

2.40

1

1.61

−1.02

5.82

0.6600

1

0.2732

0.0808

1.24

0.3231

0.3292

0.6837

Adjusted R²

0.1961

0.2035

0.6244

Predicted R²

−0.0377

0.0888

0.4943