Fig. 10: Simulation results of the reentry arrhythmias in the condition of quinidine.

A Spiral waves on the 2D ventricular slice. Spiral waves were evoked by the S1–S2 protocol, and the black arrow indicates the stimulating location of S2. Quinidine prevented the persistent arrhythmias, which was evidenced by the disappearance of spiral waves at about 1000 ms. B Scroll waves in the 3D ventricle. In line with the 2D simulation results, the evoked scroll waves were not sustainable and disappeared at about 900 ms.