Fig. 4: MINIE’s performance on Escherichia coli lac operon.

a Multi-omic regulatory network of genes/proteins (purple) and metabolites (green) of the lac operon model. Solid arrows depict interactions to be inferred by MINIE, while dashed arrows indicate known metabolic interactions input as prior knowledge. b Artificially-generated transcriptomic (left) and metabolomic (right) data simulating a nutrient-rich repression phase, with decreasing levels of lactose. Left: Projection of the single-cell data using PCA. The arrow shows the pseudotime trajectory estimated by MINIE. Right: Bulk metabolic concentrations (dots) and inferred metabolomic trajectories (dashed lines) using the mapping Γ for lactose (blue) and allolactose (magenta). c Histogram of predicted probability values for the existence of each link, where true positive links are represented by a dark shade. d Reconstructed network based on predicted probabilities for ε = 0.8. The true links and non-existing links are respectively represented by green and grey arrows, weighted according to the confidence values predicted by MINIE.