Fig. 4: HA titres of influenza A isolates to GP and turkey RBC, from 2008–2020.

a, e Cell-grown A(H1N1)pdm09 and A(H3N2) viruses were assessed for infectivity of cells by flow cytometry. The red bar indicates the mean. HA titres of cell-grown isolates to GP RBC (b, f) and turkey RBC (c, g). d The HA titre of egg-grown A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses was measured using turkey RBC. h The HA titre of egg-grown A(H3N2) viruses was measured using GP RBC. (b–d, f–h) Red bar indicates geometric mean titre).