Fig. 1: Characterization of the H3 Epigraph vaccine constructs. | npj Vaccines

Fig. 1: Characterization of the H3 Epigraph vaccine constructs.

From: An epitope-optimized human H3N2 influenza vaccine induces broadly protective immunity in mice and ferrets

Fig. 1

a The Epigraph vaccine designer tool was used to create a cocktail of three H3 Epigraph immunogens (Epigraph 1, 2, and 3), which are computationally designed to maximize potential epitope coverage in the total H3 population. These Epigraph H3 immunogens were aligned back to the 5709 unique H3 HA sequences using ClustalW and a maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree was created to visualize the relationship between the vaccine immunogens and the H3 population. b A panel of 18 H3 strains was selected to examine the cross-reactivity immunity after vaccination. The selected strains span the H3 phylogenic tree and include both contemporary (2005–2019) and historical (1968–1985) strains. A maximum-likelihood tree was constructed using PhyML to visualize the relationship between the assay strains, the Epigraph vaccine immunogens (blue), and the FluZone strain (gray; A/Singapore/INFIMH-16-0019/2016). c A table of H3 strains recommended for the FluZone vaccine each year since 2006. An asterisk indicates inclusion in this study. d The three H3 Epigraph immunogens were cloned into replication-defective Adenovirus type 5 (HAdV-5) vectors and the HA protein expression was confirmed by western blot. Reducing conditions were used to observe HA monomers while native conditions were to obverse HA trimers. GAPDH is used as a cellular protein loading control.

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