Table 4 Nonhuman primate models for EBV vaccines.
From: Urgency and necessity of Epstein-Barr virus prophylactic vaccines
Year | Animal | Vaccine formulation and immunization route | Challenge strain | Results | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1982 | Owl monkey | Purified gp350 Two doses | None | Sera had neutralizing and ADCC effects | |
1984 | Cottontop tamarins | Purified gp350 incorporated in liposomes + lipid A i.p. six times at a 3–9-week interval | None | Neutralizing antibodies were detected | |
1985 | Cottontop tamarins | Purified gp350 incorporated in liposomes i.p. 17 times at a 2-week interval | B95-8 | 2/2 were free of lymphoma after 100% tumorigenesis dose challenge | |
1986 | Cottontop tamarins | Purified gp350 incorporated into liposomes i.p. 6 times at a 2-week interval | B95-8 | 4/4 developed lymphoma after 100% tumorigenesis dose challenge | |
1988 | Cottontop tamarins | Recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing gp350 (WR and Wyeth strains) i.d. 1 or 2 times at a 2-week interval | B95-8 | Only the recombinant WR strain protected 3/4 of animals from lymphoma after a 100% tumorigenesis dose challenge | |
1988 | Cottontop tamarins | Purified gp350 with ISCOMs s.c. three times at a 2-week interval | B95-8 | 4/4 were free of lymphoma after 100% tumorigenesis dose challenge | |
1989 | Common marmosets | Purified gp350 with Freund’s or alum adjuvant i.m. 3 times at a 4-week interval | B95-8 | Alum-adsorbed antigen-induced protection against virus challenge | |
1989 | Cottontop tamarins | Purified gp350 with SAF-1 s.c. five times at a 2-week interval | B95-8 | 4/4 were free of lymphoma after 100% tumorigenesis dose challenge | |
1992 | Cottontop tamarins | recombinant gp350 with BPV + SAF-1 adjuvant i.m. four times at a 10-day interval | B95-8 | 2/3 was free of lymphoma after 100% tumorigenesis dose challenge | |
1993 | Cottontop tamarins | Recombinant adenovirus (serotype 5) expressing gp350 i.m. three times at 0-5-13 weeks | B95-8 | 4/4 were free of lymphoma after 100% tumorigenesis dose challenge | |
1994 | Cottontop tamarins | recombinant gp350 with BPV + alum i.m. four times at a 4-week interval | B95-8 | 3/5 were free of lymphoma after 100% tumorigenesis dose challenge | |
1996 | Common marmosets | Recombinant vaccinia virus expressing gp350 i.d. twice at a 5-week interval | M81 | Replication of the challenge virus was decreased | |
1998 | Common marmosets | recombinant gp350 with BPV + alum i.m. three times at a 4-week interval | M81 | Replication of the challenge virus was decreased |
