Fig. 1: Evaluation of humoral immune responses induced by heterologous or homologous mRNA-HA or protein-HA immunization.
From: Analyzing immune responses to varied mRNA and protein vaccine sequences
a Hemagglutinin (HA) protein expressed in mRNA-HA transfected Vero cells. Recombinant HA protein was loaded as a positive control. b BALB/c mice were intramuscularly primed and boosted with LNP-formulated mRNA-HA (5 μg) or AddaVax-formulated HA protein (1 μg) at 2-week intervals, and then sacrificed 2 weeks after boosting. To measure IgG1, IgG2a levels, hemagglutination inhibition (HI), and microneutralization (MN) titers, sera were collected at indicated time points. c IgG1 and IgG2a levels measured using indirect ELISA. d The pie graph represents the ratio of IgG1 and IgG2a in mouse serum at sacrifice. e HI titer against vaccine strains measured by HI assay 2 weeks after the boost schedule. f MN titer against A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 measured by MN assay 2 weeks after the boost schedule; n = 6 mice; Data are represented as the mean ± standard deviation (SD). Statistical significance was analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Mann–Whitney U test. The significance of the differences between groups is indicated on the bars; *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.005.
