Fig. 7: Immunogenicity and efficacy of a same-day prime-and-trap vaccine in BALB/cJ mice.

a Schedule of immunization. Prime-and-trap vaccine consisted of a 5ug 5-day regimen (green data) or 5ug same-day interval (pink data) of prime with repRNA-PyCS followed by trap dose of 25,000 RAS. Control cohort is 5 μg same-day interval of a trap cohort (repRNA-PfCS +RAS, dark blue data). Three weeks later, mice were challenged intravenously with 1000 live spz isolated from infected mosquitos. b Parasitemia post-challenge of all cohorts including the naive cohort (black data). c Patency curves (>1% parasitemia) of mice post-challenge. d Protection post-challenge per cohort. Number of protected mice per cohort indicated above bar graph. e Schedule of immunization of a same-day prime-and-trap vaccine (5 μg, 0-day regimen) with trap dose of 20,000 cryopreserved spz administered IM and IV, respectively, on the same day. Control cohort is naive. Two months later, mice were challenged intravenously with 20,000 cryopreserved spz isolated from infected mosquitos. f Patency curves (>1% parasitemia) of mice post-challenge. g Patency curves (>1% parasitemia) and protection (h) post-challenge per cohort. Number of protected mice per cohort indicated above bar graph. ****p < 0.0001 by Fisher exact test. The n value represents the total number of mice tested per cohort, in two independent experiments. All other statistical analyses were performed using a Mann–Whitney two-tailed test *p = 0.05, **p = 0.01, ***p = 0.001.