Fig. 5: Intranasal vaccination with AdC68-HATRBD protects against a lethal pH1N1 challenge.

a Scheme of vaccination and challenge. The immunization schemes were identical to Fig. 2. At 8 weeks post-vaccination, all mice were challenged with 10 × LD50 of pH1N1 virus. After the challenge, half of mice (n = 5 per group) were euthanized at 5 day post-infection with collection of tracheal and lung tissues, and the other half (n = 5 per group) were monitored for body weights and survival rates for 15 days. b, c Percent weight loss (b) and percent survival (c) over 15 days post-infection. d pH1N1 viral loads in mouse lungs (left) and tracheas (right) at 5 day post-infection. e Hematoxylin and eosin staining of lung sections at 5 day post-infection. f Pathology scores of the lungs at 5 day post-infection. Each dot represents one animal. Data are presented as mean ± SEM and analyzed by one-way ANOVA with Tukey correction. *P ≤ 0.05, **P ≤ 0.01, and ****P ≤ 0.0001. Scale bar, 50 μm.