Fig. 1: Screening of novel adjuvant candidates from pharmaceutical base materials using a biomarker gene assay. | npj Vaccines

Fig. 1: Screening of novel adjuvant candidates from pharmaceutical base materials using a biomarker gene assay.

From: Calboxyvinyl polymer adjuvant enhances respiratory IgA responses through mucosal and systemic administration

Fig. 1

A Mice were intranasally administered various influenza vaccines, pharmaceutical base materials, or existing adjuvants. Lungs were harvested 16 h post-administration, and biomarker gene expression levels were measured by the QuantiGene Plex assay (QGP) method. The far left column indicates the administered samples, and the values in the cells represent the relative gene expression changes normalized to 1 for the saline (SA) control. Based on previous reports, the adjuvanticity and toxicity of each evaluated sample were predicted from gene expression changes according to the function specified by each biomarker gene. B Prediction of adjuvanticity based on biomarker gene analysis. The predicted values were calculated by biomarker gene expression levels in the lungs according to the method described in a previous study, which is detailed in the “Materials and Methods” section. Each column presents the mean value from two independent experiments.

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