Fig. 1: Biophysical and biochemical characteristics of immunogens.

A Reducing SDS-PAGE analysis of purified antigens. B Representative HPLC-SEC analysis showing elution volumes of TMV VLPs (~10 min). C Negative-stain electron microscopy of purified products demonstrating particle morphology. D, E ELISA curves of CSP mAb 317, mAb 580, mAb CIS43, and mAb L9 binding to minor repeat-, junctional+minor repeat-, and major repeat-focused VLPs and the ng/mL of mAb required to reach OD415 nm = 1 (described as antigenicity). BSA was used as a negative control, and FL-CSP as a positive control. Mean values with 95% confidence intervals are plotted.