Fig. 3: Cross-neutralizing responses and antigenic differences in FMDV.

Top panel shows cross-neutralizing activity against O- and C-type FMDV isolates in sera at 25 dpi. VNTs represent the geometric mean for each animal group immunized with the indicated peptide. Dotted line indicates detection limit. No reactivity observed in VNTs at day 0. Statistically significant differences are indicated by asterisks (*) for p < 0.05, (**) for p < 0.005 and (***) for p < 0.0005. Bottom panel depicts differences (highlighted blue) in B-cell antigenic site residues [VP1 (140–158) for O-type; VP1 (136–154) for C-type C-S8c1] among tested FMDV isolates and the standard O/UK/11/2001 used for challenge.