Fig. 9: Fouling mechanism in nanomaterials membrane bioreactor (NMs-MBR) operation.
From: A critical review on nanomaterials membrane bioreactor (NMs-MBR) for wastewater treatment
There are three types of membranes were chosen for understanding the fouling mechanism. Pristine PVDF membrane, the attachment of EPS, sludge flocs and suspended particles are higher than CNC/PVDF membrane, while a very few opportunities were observed for GO-CNC/PVDF membrane. More water molecules pass through the GO-CNC/PVDF membrane and less fouling occurred sequentially.
