Table 1 ARGs removal efficiency by different treatment strategies.
From: Antibiotic resistance genes from livestock waste: occurrence, dissemination, and treatment
Samples | Treatmenta | ARGsb | Abundance after treatment | Removal efficiency | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Swine manure | AD | tet, erm | 1.0 × 10–1–4 × 10−2 copies/16S rRNA | 0.30 log decrease | |
sul, fca, aac | 9.07 × 10−1 copies/16S rRNA | 1.4–52 times increase | |||
tet (5), sul (5), erm (3), fca (1) | 104–109 copies/g | 1.45 times increase | |||
tet (5), erm (4), sul (2) | ~3 × 10−2 copies/16S rRNA | 1.03–4.23 log decrease | |||
Cattle manure | fca | 1.69 × 108 copies/g | 1.77 times decrease | ||
Swine manure | COM | tet (9), aac (4), mdr (2) sul (1), bla (2) | 5 × 10−5 (percentage of iTags) | 0.74–1.9 log decrease | |
Cattle manure | tet, sul, aac, erm, bla, mdr, fca, van | 3 × 10−2 copies/16S rRNA | 0.70 log decrease | ||
sul (1), erm (2), aac (2), bla (1) | 4.6 × 106–5.01 × 109 copies/g | 1.0–2.0 log decrease | |||
Poultry manure | aac, bla, fca, erm, mdr, sul, tet, other | 8 × 10−2–4 × 10−1copies/16S rRNA | 0.92–1.4 log decrease | ||
tet, fca, sul,van, bla, aac | 2.6 × 104 copies/g | 1.2 log decrease | |||
Swine wastewater | BIO | tet (2), sul (2), bla (1) | 10–105 copies/mL | 0.09–2.7 (tet), 0.17–1.7 (sul) 0.11–2.0 (bla) log decrease | |
tet (1), sul (1), erm (1), fca (1), mcr (1) | 3.1 × 10–7.1 × 105 copies/mL | 0.3–3.1 log decrease | |||
tet (18), sul (2) | 2.6 × 108–1.1 × 10 copies/mL | 0.57–0.94 log decrease | |||
tet (4), sul (2) | 1.0 × 105–1.5 × 1010 copies/mL | 0.1–3.3 log decrease | |||
Swine wastewater | CWs | tet (5) | 10−3–10−1 copies/16S rRNA | 0.26–3.0 log decrease | |
tet | 3 × 10−3–1 × 10−2 copies/16S rRNA | 0.18–2.0 log decrease | |||
tet (3) | 1.0 × 109–1.5 × 1010 copies/L | 0.5–1.0 log decrease |
