Fig. 4: The qPCR results of anammox enrichment process.

a Anammox 16S rRNA copy numbers at different days (0, 60, 120, and 180) and b functional gene copy numbers of AOB, denitrifying bacterial, and anammox on day 180. Data indicate average, and error bars represent standard deviation of the results from three independent samplings, each tested in triplicate.