Fig. 2: Water flux and RSF variation at various operation conditions with ionic strength in FS. | npj Clean Water

Fig. 2: Water flux and RSF variation at various operation conditions with ionic strength in FS.

From: Forward osmosis (FO)-reverse osmosis (RO) hybrid process incorporated with hollow fiber FO

Fig. 2

Panels a, b show the water flux and RSF values of PAO mode HFFO element at the various concentration and pressure conditions. Synthetic seawater (NaCl) as FS, synthetic seawater or brine (NaCl) as DS, FS concentration of 10,000–35,000 mg/L, DS concentrations from 35,000 to 80,000 mg/L, and pressures of 2, 3, and 4 bar. Flow rates: FS: 0.7, 1.0, and 1.5 L/min, and DS: 0.35 L/min.

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