Fig. 6: Schematic of an HFFO-incorporated FO–RO hybrid desalination process (FO–RO–sHFFO) and an element-scale HFFO testing system. | npj Clean Water

Fig. 6: Schematic of an HFFO-incorporated FO–RO hybrid desalination process (FO–RO–sHFFO) and an element-scale HFFO testing system.

From: Forward osmosis (FO)-reverse osmosis (RO) hybrid process incorporated with hollow fiber FO

Fig. 6

Panels a and b show the schematic of an HFFO-incorporated FO–RO hybrid desalination process (FO–RO–sHFFO) and an element-scale HFFO testing system (FS and DS were fed into the upper and side ports, respectively. The operation mode was counter current and the side inlet flow rate and pressure were continuously maintained).

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