Table 1 Household and child characteristics at baseline by study arm.
Characteristic | Intervention Group | Control Group |
|---|---|---|
Demographic and household information | ||
Number of households | 608 | 591 |
Percent female respondent | 92.8% (564/608) | 93.4% (550/589) |
Percent female household head | 7.1% (43/606) | 7.1% (42/589) |
Percent respondents completed primary school or higher | 50.9% (308/605) | 49.8% (293/588) |
Percent household head completed primary school or higher | 51.5% (296/575) | 43.3% (244/563) |
Percent household belongs to Ubudehe I or II (lowest government-defined socio-economic classes) | 48.8% (294/603) | 34.5% (202/586) |
Percent household-owned house | 89.4% (539/603) | 89.0% (525/590) |
Percent household had electricity | 59.1% (359/607) | 57.8% (341/590) |
Percent household-owned livestock | 61.7% (375/608) | 66.8% (395/591) |
Percent household floor material made of earth/sand | 70.9% (431/608) | 71.4% (422/591) |
Mean respondent age in years (SD) | 34.6 (9.9) | 34.3 (9.8) |
Mean household head age in years (SD) | 40.6 (12.1) | 41.0 (12.1) |
Mean number of residents in household (SD) | 5.1 (1.7) | 5.1 (1.7) |
Mean number of rooms (SD) | 5.1 (1.8) | 5.2 (1.9) |
Sanitation and hygiene | ||
Percent access to JMP improved sanitation | 72.0% (437/607) | 80.0% (473/591) |
Percent evidence of chickens or cows in compound or yard | 29.0% (176/608) | 29.8% (176/591) |
Percent has a handwashing location | 37.4% (227/607) | 42.3% (250/591) |
Drinking water source and practices | ||
Percent main drinking water source: JMP Improved | 89.1% (542/608) | 86.6% (512/591) |
Percent main drinking water source: JMP Basic Water (Improved < 30 min. roundtrip) | 25.5% (155/608) | 26.7% (158/591) |
Percent piped water to dwelling or yard/plot | 12.3% (75/608) | 13.2% (78/591) |
Percent piped water to neighbor | 6.4% (39/608) | 9.3% (55/591) |
Percent public tap/stand pipe | 32.7% (199/608) | 27.2% (161/591) |
Percent protected spring or well | 37.0% (225/608) | 36.5% (216/591) |
Percent unprotected spring or well | 2.6% (16/608) | 3.2% (19/591) |
Percent surface water | 5.4% (33/608) | 6.9% (41/591) |
Percent no reported drinking water treatment practice | 48.3% (293/606) | 52.7% (311/590) |
Percent observed to store drinking water | 95.4% (395/414) | 94.5% (415/439) |
Drinking water quality (point-of-use) | ||
Percent <2 CFU/100 mL (no detectable E. coli) | 9.4% (39/414) | 4.6% (20/438) |
Percent 1–10 CFU/100 mL | 16.4% (68/414) | 15.3% (67/438) |
Mean E. coli CFU/100 mL | 207.4 (272.1) | 215.4 (298.3) |
Child Under 5 Years of Age Characteristics | ||
Percent female | 44.8% (340/759) | 47.7% (345/724) |
Percent with caretaker-reported 7-day diarrhoea | 6.5% (49/752) | 7.3% (52/712) |
Percent with completed rotavirus vaccination (3-dose series observed on vaccination card | 80.2% (412/514) | 80.9% (390/482) |
Mean age in months (SD) | 30.4 (16.6) | 30.0 (16.3) |
