Fig. 5: Surface morphological analysis of the membranes. | npj Clean Water

Fig. 5: Surface morphological analysis of the membranes.

From: Highly permeable and shelf-stable aquaporin biomimetic membrane based on an anodic aluminum oxide substrate

Fig. 5

a Before coating the membrane surface. b PDA functionalized substrate. c AQP membrane, after immobilization of AQP liposomes and subsequent PDA/His coating. d AFM surface roughness analysis of the AAO membrane. e Surface roughness analysis after substrate functionalization. f AFM image after AQP liposome coating of the substrate.

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