Table 1 Powder-Type KCC-1 adsorbents alongside corresponding adsorption properties for the removal of HMs and Ods from aqueous media (NR—not reported)

From: A comprehensive review of KCC-1 fibrous silica for water treatment

Adsorbent

  

Adsorption conditions

  

Name*

FP

SCA type

OG type

Adsorbate**

\({Q}_{\max .}\) (mgg–1)

pH

\(W\) (mg)

\(V\) (mL)

\(t\) (min or h)

\(T\) (K)

SS (rpm)

Year

Ref.

Fe3O4@DFNS-NH2

PGS

APTES

–NH2

U(VI)

255.2

6.0

0.4 gL–1

1 h

298

150

2023

56

FA-DMSN

PGS

APTES

folic acid

MB

90.7

7–9

10

NR

3 min

298

150

2022

90

PIIPs-DFSPs

PGS

SBPCSCA

PCA

Pd(II)

382.5

3

10

NR

10 min

318

NR

2022

52

MF-KCC-1

PGS

APTES,TESPTS

MI-Cl-PTES

–NH2, MI,

–S–S–S–S–

AF

AO

621.3

676.7

3.0

3.0

0.4 gL–1

30

30

20 min

20 min

298

180

2021

54

MF-KCC-1

PGS

APTES, MPTES,

TESPTS

–NH2, –SH,

–S–S–S–S–

AF

AO

574.5

605.9

3.0

3.0

3.0

3.0

30

30

30 min

30 min

298

180

2021

34

TS-KCC-1

PGS

TESPTS

–S–S–S–S–

Hg(II)

132.55

5.0

5.0

20

40 min

298

180

2021

91

DDS

PGS

DABCO-S

DABCO

MB

OR

PR

678

3192

3190

NR

NR

NR

50

50

50

4

4

4

12 h

12 h

12 h

295

150

2021

48

KCC-1-NH–CS2

PGS

APTES

–NH–CS2

MG

894.2

NR

20

10

45 min

297

200

2021

92

MI-Cl-KCC-1

PGS

MTESPIC

MI

Cr(VI)

428

4.0

24

5.0

40 min

298

180

2020

35

SH-MFS

OPS

MPTES

–SH

CV

164.3

7.0

5.0

20

35 min

298

200

2020

47

KCC-1-NH-β-CD

PGS

APTES

β-cyclodextrin

MG

NR

NR

20

10

1 h

RT

NR

2020

93

DA-KCC-1

PGS

AE-APTES

–NH–, –NH2

CR

400.47

4.0

5.0

25

40 min

298

200

2019

41

PA-DFNS

PGS

APTES

phytic acid

U(VI)

1106

8.0

10

20

1 h

298

NR

2019

53

Cys-DFNS-NH2

PGS

APTES

–NH–, Cysteine

Heavy metals

NR

2019

49

Triamino-KCC-1

PGS

Triamino

–NH–, –NH2

Cr(VI)

315.77

4.0

2.0

20

40 min

298

180

2019

45

KCC-1

NA

NA

NA

Pb(II)

NR

6

3.7 gL–1

NR

80 min

303

NR

2019

94

KCC-1(RHA)

NA

NA

NA

Pb(II)

26.9

3

2.4 gL–1

NR

117 min

RT

3000

2019

42

RB-KCC-1

PGS

IPTES

rhodamine B

Hg(II)

115.47

NR

5

NR

12 h

298

NR

2015

50

AQ-Fe3O4@ SiO2@KCC-1

PGS

IPTES

piperazine acetylaminoquinoline

Zn(II)

157.2

7.2

5

NR

NR

298

NR

2015

51

  1. *FA-DMSN folic acid-terminated dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles, PIIPs-DFSPs Pd(II) ion-imprinted polymer based on dendritic fibrous silica particles, SBPCSCA Schiff base and pyridine groups containing silane coupling agent, PCA 2-pyridinecarboxaldehyde, MF-KCC-1 multifunctionalized KCC-1, APTES 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, TESPTS bis[3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl] tetrasulfide, MI-Cl-PTES 1-methyl-3-(3-triethoxysilylpropyl) imidazolium chloride), MPTES 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane, TS-KCC-1 tetrasulfide-functionalized KCC-1, DDS silinated DABCO (bivalent 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane) in DFNS (dendritic fibrous nanostructured colloidal silica), MI-Cl-KCC-1 1-methyl-imidazolium chloride-functionalized KCC-1, MTESPIC 1-methyl-3- (triethoxysilylpropyl)imidazolium chloride, SH-MFS mercapto-functionalized mesoporous fibrous silica, KCC-1-NH-β-CD β-cyclodextrin functionalized KCC-1, DA-KCC-1 diamino-functionalized KCC-1, AE-APTES N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, PA-DFNS phytic acid-functionalized dendritic fibrous nanosilica, Cys-DFNS-NH2 L-Cysteine-modified dendritic fibrous nanosilica grafted by amine groups, Triamino-KCC-1 3-[2-(2-aminoethylamino) ethylamino] propyltrimethoxysilane-functionalized KCC-1, KCC-1(RHA) KCC-1 based on rice husk ash, RB-KCC-1 rhodamine B-cuntionalized KCC-1, IPTES 3-iodopropyltriethoxysilane, AQ-Fe3O4@ SiO2@KCC-1 core–shell magnetic KCC-1 functionalized with piperazine linked acetylaminoquinoline.
  2. **MB methylene blue, AF acid fuchsin, AO acid orange, OR orange II, PR procion red mx-58, MG malachite green, CV crystal violet, CR Congo red.