Fig. 4: Application and mechanism of JW membrane in the separation of oil-water emulsions. | npj Clean Water

Fig. 4: Application and mechanism of JW membrane in the separation of oil-water emulsions.

From: Integrated emulsion separation and fog collection with functionalized Janus wood membrane for water scarcity solutions

Fig. 4

a Optical micrographs of four types of water-in-oil emulsions before and after filtration. b Separation efficiency and corresponding permeation flux of JW membrane for four oil-in-water emulsions. c Separation efficiency and oil content in the permeate after 10 cycles of oil-in-water emulsion separation. d Filtration flux variation over time during water-in-oil emulsion separation. e Schematic illustration of the separation mechanism for oil-in-water emulsions. f Optical micrographs of four oil-in-water emulsions before and after filtration. g Separation efficiency and corresponding permeation flux of JW membrane for four water-in-oil emulsions. h Separation efficiency and water content in the permeate after 10 cycles of water-in-oil emulsion separation. i Filtration flux variation over time during oil-in-water emulsion separation. j Schematic illustration of the separation mechanism for oil-in-water emulsions.

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