Extended Data Fig. 7: Stable isotope fractionation for each fictive element in the fully accreted Earth analogue as a function of volatility for four N-body simulations.
The red line indicates the mean isotopic fractionation (in per mille relative to the initial value, that is, CI chondritic) in the fully accreted Earth analogue across 1000 Monte Carlo runs for each N-body simulation. The isotope ratio in g/mol (mi = numerator isotope, Δmi = 2 atomic mass units, amu) is listed in the legend. The vertical dashed lines delimit zones pertaining to Late Accretion (defined here as volatile elements whose isotopes are present in chondritic ratios), Partial Evaporation (elements bear an isotopic signature of partial evaporation during atmospheric loss) and Non-Volatile (elements were not lost and are also chondritic).
