Fig. 4: Projected ionospheric emissions at Neptune.
From: Discovery of \({{\bf{H}}}_{\mathbf{3}}^{\mathbf{+}}\) and infrared aurorae at Neptune with JWST
The \({{\rm{H}}}_{3}^{+}\) observations of Fig. 2c,d projected to planetocentric latitude and west longitude. The contours represent magnetic L shells39, showing the magnetic mapping of the ionosphere (in RN). The positions of the auroral zones are a result of the offset and tilted magnetic field, which includes strong higher-order multipoles41. The localized enhancement of \({{\rm{H}}}_{3}^{+}\) located between 60° S and 30° S latitude and between 200° W and 280° W longitude coincides with the expected location in latitude of the southern aurora.
