A minimally invasive microneedle patch detects specific protein biomarkers in dermal interstitial fluid at high sensitivity via a needle-integrated immunoassay coupled with an ultrabright fluorescent label.
This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution
Relevant articles
Open Access articles citing this article.
-
Modularly-Assembled Smart Microneedle Platform for Machine Learning-Driven Personalized Health Monitoring
Nano-Micro Letters Open Access 09 February 2026
-
Differential proteomics of interstitial fluid in lung tissue associated with the progression of pulmonary fibrosis in mice
Scientific Reports Open Access 30 April 2025
-
Interstitial fluid-based wearable biosensors for minimally invasive healthcare and biomedical applications
Communications Materials Open Access 13 March 2024
Access options
Access Nature and 54 other Nature Portfolio journals
Get Nature+, our best-value online-access subscription
$32.99 / 30 days
cancel any time
Subscribe to this journal
Receive 12 digital issues and online access to articles
$119.00 per year
only $9.92 per issue
Rent or buy this article
Prices vary by article type
from$1.95
to$39.95
Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout


References
Yager, P., Domingo, G. J. & Gerdes, J. Annu. Rev. Biomed. Eng. 10, 107–144 (2008).
Tran, B. Q. et al. J. Proteome Res. 17, 479–485 (2018).
Samant, P. P. et al. Sci. Transl. Med. 12, eaaw0285 (2020).
Miller, P. R. et al. Commun. Biol. 1, 173 (2018).
Wang, Z. et al. Nat. Biomed. Eng. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41551-020-00672-y (2021).
Luan, J. et al. Nat. Biomed. Eng. 4, 518–530 (2020).
Tamada, J. A. et al. JAMA 282, 1839–1844 (1999).
Jina, A. et al. J. Diabetes Sci. Technol. 8, 483–487 (2014).
Venugopal, M., Arya, S. K., Chornokur, G. & Bhansali, S. A. Sens. Actuators A Phys. 172, 154–160 (2011).
Kolluru, C., Williams, M., Chae, J. & Prausnitz, M. R. Adv. Healthc. Mater. 8, e1801262 (2019).
Zheng, M. et al. Adv. Healthc. Mater. 9, e1901683 (2020).
Muller, D. A., Corrie, S. R., Coffey, J., Young, P. R. & Kendall, M. A. Anal. Chem. 84, 3262–3268 (2012).
Zhang, X. X., Chen, G. P., Bian, F. K., Cai, L. J. & Zhao, Y. J. Adv. Mater. 31, 1902825 (2019).
Sharma, S. et al. Anal. Methods 10, 2088–2095 (2018).
Yu, J. C. et al. Nat. Biomed. Eng. 4, 499–506 (2020).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Competing interests
M.R.P. is an inventor of patents licensed to companies developing microneedle-based products, a paid advisor to companies developing microneedle-based products, and a founder or shareholder of companies developing microneedle-based products (Micron Biomedical). These potential competing interests have been disclosed and are managed by Georgia Tech.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kim, Y., Prausnitz, M.R. Sensitive sensing of biomarkers in interstitial fluid. Nat Biomed Eng 5, 3–5 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41551-020-00679-5
Published:
Version of record:
Issue date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41551-020-00679-5
This article is cited by
-
Modularly-Assembled Smart Microneedle Platform for Machine Learning-Driven Personalized Health Monitoring
Nano-Micro Letters (2026)
-
Revolutionizing healthcare: the next generation of wearable chemical sensors for personal health monitoring
Science China Materials (2026)
-
Differential proteomics of interstitial fluid in lung tissue associated with the progression of pulmonary fibrosis in mice
Scientific Reports (2025)
-
Low-dimensional materials for bioelectronic devices
Nature Reviews Bioengineering (2025)
-
Three-dimensional micro- and nanomanufacturing techniques for high-fidelity wearable bioelectronics
Nature Reviews Electrical Engineering (2025)