Fig. 6: FUS-MB treatment arrests the growth of CCMs. | Nature Biomedical Engineering

Fig. 6: FUS-MB treatment arrests the growth of CCMs.

From: Focused ultrasound-microbubble treatment arrests the growth and formation of cerebral cavernous malformations

Fig. 6

a,c,e, Longitudinal T2-weighted spin echo images for representative mice in the (a) single sonication with fixed PNP arm, (c) repeat sonication with fixed PNP arm or (e) repeat sonication with PCD-modulated PNP arm. Black circles indicate non-sonicated control lesions and coloured circles indicate sonicated lesions corresponding to PNP applied. White arrows denote new lesions formed in non-sonicated hemisphere. b,d,f, Left: summary plots comparing the natural log transform of CCM volume between sonicated CCMs and non-sonicated CCMs for mice in the (b) single sonication with fixed PNP arm, (d) repeat sonication with fixed PNP arm or (f) repeat sonication with PCD-modulated PNP arm. Data are means ± s.d. Right: line graphs of CCM volume for individual CCMs for each treatment group. At 30 days, sonicated CCMs are significantly smaller than non-sonicated control CCMs for all treatment arms. ***P = 0.0002, ****P < 0.0001 and *P = 0.0131 for the single fixed PNP, repeat fixed PNP and repeat PCD-mod. PNP arms, respectively; linear mixed-effect model and pairwise comparison with Tukey’s adjustment. At 7 days, sonicated CCMs are significantly smaller than non-sonicated CCMs in the repeat FUS and fixed PNP arm. **P = 0.0021, linear mixed-effect model and pairwise comparison with Tukey’s adjustment.

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