Fig. 8: Albumin-hitchhiking STING agonists improve immunotherapy responses in a model of lung metastatic melanoma and adoptive T-cell transfer therapy.

a, Schematic of B16.F10-Luc intravenous tumour inoculation, treatment schedule and study end point for analysis of lung tumour burden; nanobody–diABZI conjugates and PBS (vehicle) were administered intravenously, and ICB (anti-PD-L1 IgG) was injected intraperitoneally (n = 15 for AP–diABZI; n = 14 for PBS; n = 12 for ICB and nAlb–diABZI + ICB; n = 11 for nAlb–diABZI). b,c, Representative images of lungs (b) and lung weights (c) of mice treated as indicated. d,e, Representative IVIS luminescence images (d) and quantification of average radiance from luciferase expressing B16.F10 cells within isolated lung tissue (e). P values determined by one-way ANOVA with post hoc Tukey’s correction for multiple comparisons for all groups versus PBS or nAlb–diABZI versus AP–diABZI as indicated. f–i, Evaluation of AP–diABZI as an adjuvant therapy for adoptive OT-I T-cell transfer therapy in a B16.F10-OVA model. f, Schematic of B16.F10-OVA tumour inoculation and of treatment schedule with OT-I T cells (0.5 million cells) on either day 9 (OT-I alone or single dose AP–diABZI pre-treatment) or day 15 (three-dose AP–diABZI pre-treatment). g–i, Tumour growth curves (g), spider plots of individual tumour growth curves (h) and Kaplan–Meier survival curves (i) (n = 15 for PBS; n = 12 for all other treatments). In g, P values determined by two-way ANOVA with post hoc Tukey’s correction for multiple comparisons for all groups compared to PBS on day 17. In i, end-point criteria of 1,500 mm³ tumour volume with P value determined by log-rank test for comparison to PBS group or for the comparisons indicated in the legend. Replicates are biological, and data are shown as mean ± s.e.m. Panels a and f created with BioRender.com.