Extended Data Fig. 1: Characterization of the dhgd-1 and hphd-1 genes.
From: A feedback loop engaging propionate catabolism intermediates controls mitochondrial morphology
a, Diagram of the dhgd-1 gene (top) and the encoded protein (bottom). In the gene, filled boxes and thin lines represent exons and introns, respectively. The locations of the tm6671 deletion and the yq169 point mutation are indicated. In the protein, the positions of the tm6671 deletion and the yq169 point mutation are indicated with the red bracket and the red asterisk, respectively. Orange and blue boxes indicate FAD-binding and FAD-oxidase domains, respectively. The similarity of the indicated domains between C. elegans DHGD-1 and mouse or human D2HGDH is indicated. b, Representative images of mitochondria in the intestine in dhgd-1(tm6671) mutants. Bars, 5 μm. c, Expression of DHGD-1::GFP driven by the dhgd-1 promoter (Pdhgd-1dhgd-1::gfp) in a whole worm expressing TOMM-20::RFP (Ptomm-20tomm-20::rfp) (top), Bars, 50 μm. The bottom rows show enlarged images of hypodermis, muscle, and intestine within the boxed region. Bars, 5 μm. d, Diagram of the hphd-1 gene (top) and the encoded protein (bottom). Filled boxes and thin lines represent exons and introns, respectively. The ok3580 deletion and the yq367 point mutation of hphd-1 are indicated with red lines. Blue boxes indicate the Fe-ADH (Fe-containing alcohol dehydrogenase) domains. The similarity of the indicated domains between C. elegans HPHD-1 and mouse or human ADHFE1 is indicated. e, Representative images of mitochondria in the intestine in hphd-1(ok3580) mutants. Bars, 5 μm. f, Expression of the hphd-1 gene. HPHD-1::GFP driven by the hphd-1 promoter (Phphd-1hphd-1::gfp) in a whole worm expressing TOMM-20::RFP (Ptomm-20tomm-20::rfp) (top), Bars, 50 μm. The bottom rows show enlarged images of hypodermis, muscle, and intestine within the boxed region. Bars, 5 μm. g, Left: Representative images of mitochondria with general RNAi of dhgd-1 and hphd-1 in N2 animals. Right: Representative images of mitochondria with hypodermis-specific RNAi of dhgd-1 and hphd-1 in rde-1(ne219);juIs346(Pcol-19rde-1) worms. RNAi was performed using RNAi-competent OP50 E. coli. Mitochondria were stained with Mito-CMXRos. Bars, 5 μm.
