Fig. 1: ER proteins target LDs early during LD formation, or late after LD induction.
From: Identification of two pathways mediating protein targeting from ER to lipid droplets
a, ER proteins LDAH and GPAT4 target LDs early (by 30 min) or late (after several hours), respectively, upon LD biogenesis. Confocal imaging of live Drosophila S2R+ cells stably overexpressing eGFP (G)–GPAT4 transfected with an LDAH–mScarlet-I (mSi) encoding construct at given timepoints after 1 mM oleic acid treatment. LDs were stained with LipidTOX Deep Red Neutral Lipid Stain. Representative images from three independent experiments are shown. Scale bars, 5 μm and 1 μm (inlay). b, Ubxd8 targets LDs early, and Ldsdh1 and HSD17B11 target LDs late upon LD biogenesis. Confocal imaging of live wild-type cells transiently transfected with eGFP tagged constructs at given timepoints after 1 mM oleic acid treatment. LDs were stained with monodansylpentane (MDH). Representative images are shown. Scale bars, 5 μm and 1 μm (inlay). c, Bar graph showing percentage of cells with LD targeting over time from the imaging experiment in a and b. For HSD17B11, cells with LD targeting were defined as those with more than two LDs with protein targeting in the imaging plane (Extended Data Fig. 1a,b). Mean ± standard deviation (s.d.), n = 3 experiments (10–16 cells each). One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Bonferroni correction, *P < 0.05 (from left to right: 0.0442, 0.0240 and 0.0195), **P = 0.0048, ***P = 0.0002, #P < 0.0001. Source numerical data are available in source data.
