Extended Data Fig. 5: Cadherin heterogeneity affects cell positioning in ETX embryos.
From: Stem cell-derived synthetic embryos self-assemble by exploiting cadherin codes and cortical tension

(a) Schematics and representative images for assembled day 4 ETX-embryos from TS cells (upper) or (b) ES cells (lower) overexpressing (OE) or knocked-down (KD) for the indicated cadherins. Experiments were repeated 6 times. Scale bar represents 100 μm. P-cadherin-overexpressing TS cells and E-cadherin-overexpressing ES cells were pre-stained with Hoechst to distinguish them from cadherin knockdown cells. Scale bar represents 40 μm in zoomed panels. (c) Examples of structures made from E-cadherin-OE-ES, P-cadherin-OE-TS and XEN cells, stained at different time points to reveal ES cells (Oct4, red), TS cells (Tfap2c, blue) and XEN cells (Gata4, green). Scale bar represents 100 μm. (d) Quantification shows time course of formation of correctly-sorted ETX embryos following seeding. Control: 12 h: 24/332 structures; 24 h: 83/531 structures; 48 h: 71/448 structures; 72 h: 51/378 structures. Cadherin OE: 12 h: 80/276 structures; 24 h: 139/385 structures; 48 h: 136/374 structures; 72-h: 151/455 structures. N = 3 for all conditions. Data are presented as Mean ± SD. Statistics calculated by unpaired two-tailed Student’s t test. P values indicate significance between control and Cadherin OE ETX at the same time point. Source numerical data are available in source data.