Extended Data Fig. 5: Altered functionality of old HSCs and MPPs.

a, Colony formation in methylcellulose for young (Y) and old (O) HSCs, MPP3 and MPP4. Results are from 2 independent experiments. Mix: all lineages; GM: granulocyte/macrophage; G(or)M: granulocyte (or) macrophage; MegE: megakaryocyte/erythrocyte; CFU: colony-forming units. b, Myeloid differentiation in liquid culture for young and old MPP3 with quantification (right) of immature Sca-1+/c-Kit+ cells (left) and mature Mac-1+/FcγR+ macrophage (right). c, Representative flow cytometry staining of CD19+ lymphoid vs. Mac-1+ myeloid differentiation in OP9 + IL7 culture conditions for young and old HSCs, MPP3 and MPP4. Results are representative of 3 independent experiments. d, Representative histograms of CFSE staining of cultured young and old HSCs, MPP3 and MPP4. Results are representative of 3 independent experiments. e, Cleaved caspase 3/7 (CC3/7) activity in cultured young and old HSCs, MPP3 and MPP4. f, Short-term lineage tracking following transplantations of young and old HSCs, MPP3 and MPP4 in sub-lethally irradiated recipients with experimental scheme (left) and quantification of overall blood donor chimerism (top graphs) and myeloid chimerism among donor cells (bottom graphs). Results are from 3 independent cohorts. Data are means ± S.D. except for (f) (± S.E.M.); P-values were obtained by two-tailed Welch’s t-test without adjustment for multiple comparisons (a, d, f), or by two-tailed Student’s t-test without adjustment for multiple comparisons (b).