Extended Data Fig. 6: Results from steps in our processing chain for area outlined with black box in Extended Data Fig. 4.

Panel (a) shows all ‘lake’ polygons from the threshold NDWI/NDSI image (n = 5648 in full extent of Extended Data Fig. 4); (b) shows only those polygons with median slope <10° (n = 1930); (c) shows those polygons >0.05 km2 (n = 144); (d) compares the final lake polygons after being filtered for proximity to a glacier (n = 130) (in green) with manually digitized lake polygons (pink) (n = 140). Note the false positives in the northern part of the image. These were removed manually in the analyses presented in the Results but were included for the error analyses in Supplementary Data 1. Well-studied Imja Lake and Lower Barun Lake are labelled for reference. Background image is the RGB mosaic for 2015-2016 produced for the error analysis.