Extended Data Fig. 2: Trends based on annual mean time series.
From: Intensification of Pacific tropical instability waves over the recent three decades
a,b, Satellite-observed \(\overline{{{{\rm{SST}}^{\prime} }_{y}}^{2}}\), c,d, altimeter-derived EKE, and e,f, OFES2-simulated surface EKE. Left panels represent time series averaged in the dashed box of right panels (160°W–100°W and 1°S–1°N): annual (thin blue curves) and 9-yr running mean (bold blue curves); Dashed lines denote their fitted linear trends (thin magenta/red for annual mean over 1993–2015/2021, and bold red for 9-yr running mean over 1993–2021). T, p, and n represent the trends (per decade) ± uncertainties (estimated as the s.e.m.), p values, and n numbers for the statistics. Right panels represent 1993–2021 trends based the annual mean time series.
