Extended Data Fig. 4: CO2-induced changes in energy flux asymmetry in the LongRunMIP_sub.

Changes (relative to preindustrial times, multimodel mean, MMM, dot; intermodel spread, one standard derivation (1 SD) among models, bars) in the atmospheric cross-equatorial energy transport (purple) and interhemispheric asymmetry (Southern minus Northern Hemisphere, Methods) of the net TOA radiation (red), net surface energy flux (blue), surface turbulent heat flux (sensible plus latent, turquoise blue), and surface radiation energy flux (shortwave plus longwave, brown) in the CO2 quadrupling simulation by LongRunMIP_sub models over years 1–20 and years 3981–4000, and for the difference between the two periods (years 3981–4000 minus years 1–20).