Extended Data Fig. 1: Maps of TOA radiation changes due to radiative feedback.

(a-c) Maps of TOA radiation changes (relative to preindustrial times, in units of W/m2) due to the cloud feedback in the CO2 quadrupling simulations for the multimodel means of (a) CMIP5/6 and (b) LongRunMIP models over years 1–20, and (c) LongRunMIP models for the difference between years 981–1000 and years 1–20. (d-f) Same as (a-c) but for the water vapor feedback. (g-i) Same as (a-c) but for the albedo feedback. (j-l) Same as (a-c) but for the temperature feedback. The base map is from NCAR Command Language map outline databases.