Table 1 Average Arctic–boreal CO2 fluxes

From: Wildfires offset the increasing but spatially heterogeneous Arctic–boreal CO2 uptake

Class

In situ average

Upscaled per-area average

Average regional budget

Proportion of summer (June–August) net uptake budget of non-summer (September–May) net emissions (%)

Average regional budget with fire

Area (×106 km2)

Flux and unit

NEE (g C m−2 yr−1)

GPP (g C m−2 yr−1)

Reco (g C m−2 yr−1)

NEE (g C m−2 yr−1)

GPP (g C m−2 yr−1)

Reco (g C m−2 yr−1)

NEE (Tg C yr−1)

GPP (Tg C yr−1)

Reco (Tg C yr−1)

NEE + fire (Tg C yr−1)

ABZ

−32 (±76)

618 (±396)

588 (±385)

−26 (±5)

482 (±20)

460 (±15)

−548 (±140)

9,970 (±144)

9,525 (±90)

1.4

−319

20.7

Tundra

−4 (±44)

302 (±125)

312 (±133)

7 (±3)

300 (±14)

306 (±12)

45 (±53)

2,049 (±49)

2,090 (±33)

0.9

64

6.8

Boreal

−42 (±82)

705 (±402)

664 (±398)

−43 (±7)

572 (±24)

537 (±17)

−593 (±101)

7,920 (±106)

7,435 (±74)

1.6

−383

13.9

Permafrost region

−21 (±62)

458 (±197)

445 (±171)

−15 (±5)

416 (±20)

405 (±16)

−249 (±123)

6,918 (±109)

6,719 (±69)

1.2

−24

16.6

  1. Mean GPP, Reco and NEE fluxes and budgets over 2001–2020 and NEE + fire budgets over 2002–2020 are shown. The uncertainties are standard deviations across sites or pixels (for the mean fluxes) or across 20 bootstrapped budget estimates. Positive numbers for NEE indicate net CO2 loss to the atmosphere, and negative numbers indicate net CO2 uptake by the ecosystem. Mismatches in the site-level versus upscaled CO2 fluxes are probably related to sites being biased to certain regions and years, while upscaled summaries should provide more representative regional estimates but are influenced by model performance.
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