Extended Data Fig. 5: Effects of productivity-related increases in initial growing stock on gains in forest value.
From: Rising cost of disturbances for forestry in Europe under climate change
Changes in forest value at the continental (a) and regional (c) scale under future climate compared to historical values as in Fig. 3. Blue bars represent losses due to increasing disturbances, green bars show gains from increasing productivity. Productivity-related gains are attributed to effects on initial growing stock (derived relative to growing stock levels under historical productivity) – indicated by the transparent portions of the bars – and effects related to increased sustainable harvest levels over the simulation period (solid portion of the bars). Dots indicate the net change in forest value compared to historical values. Dots within the transparent area of the bars indicate high uncertainty of net positive economic effects, as economic effects would turn negative in these cases if initial forest values were to remain constant with increasing productivity. Continental (b) and regional (d) forest values under different climate scenarios as in Fig. 3. Gains due to a productivity-related increase in initial forest value are indicated as the transparent portion of the bars. In all panels, data show the mean ± s.d. across all simulations (N = 300) in the respective stratum. Regions were defined as in Fig. 2c. Icons in a adapted from OpenMoji (https://openmoji.org/) under a CC-BY-SA 4.0 licence.
