Extended Data Fig. 3: Sensitivity of PETe and PETa to surface moisture and vegetation changes.
From: Neglecting land–atmosphere feedbacks overestimates climate-driven increases in evapotranspiration
a,b, Frequency distribution of the relative changes in PETe (\(\Delta\)PETe/PETe, a) and PETa (\(\Delta\)PETa/PETa, b) from wet to the driest conditions in 2020 and 2100, based on 32 CMIP6 models. PETe and PETa under wet conditions are derived from ocean grid cells, while their values under the driest conditions are estimated based on the constraint of moist enthalpy (Methods and Extended Data Fig. 2). Mean relative changes across all grid cells and models are shown in each panel. c,d, Frequency distribution of the relative changes in PETe (\(\Delta\)PETe/PETe, c) and PETa (\(\Delta\)PETa/PETa, d) induced by the vegetation physiological responses to elevated CO2 across land grid cells, based on 7 ESMs. In each ESM, relative changes are computed as the ratio of the mean difference between 1pctCO2 and 1pctCO2-rad to the value in 1pctCO2-rad, averaged over the final 30-year period of their 140-year simulations (1960–1989).
