Fig. 1: Improved coastal exposure assessment framework covering several components.
From: Development policy affects coastal flood exposure in China more than sea-level rise
a, We combine land-system change affected by coastal development policies alongside mean SLR, land subsidence (SUB), and tides and storm surges (TS). b, We combine the effects of ECON, ECOL and MID policy scenarios with enhanced relative SLR scenarios spanning the broad set of SSP-RCP scenarios and including land subsidence. c, We evaluate potential impacts to several land-system functions, as well as population and GDP, by considering potential flood exposure to different water depths over time under different scenarios. Policy scenarios have a median effect on exposure (solid lines), around which SLR scenarios create uncertainty (shaded bands). Similarly (though not illustrated), SLR scenarios have a median effect around which policy scenarios create uncertainty. The combined analysis reveals the sensitivity of exposure outcomes to both policy decisions and climatic trajectories.
