Fig. 4: Traits in both the genome and gut microbiome with direct roles in the adaptation for sanguivory.
From: Hologenomic adaptations underlying the evolution of sanguivory in the common vampire bat

a, GOs of the single-copy orthologous genes with a dN/dS ratio that is statistically higher or lower in the common vampire bat in comparison to the other bats. b, KOs from the common vampire bat gut microbiome functional core. c, Genes with a dN/dS ratio that is statistically higher or lower in the common vampire bat in comparison to the other bats and that are directly associated with sanguivory challenges. d, Taxa and genes from the common vampire bat gut microbiome core directly associated with the adaptation to sanguivory.