Extended Data Fig. 3: Results of phylogenetic parsimony analysis.
From: Endochondral bone in an Early Devonian ‘placoderm’ from Mongolia

Dataset consists of 95 taxa and 284 characters. Both trees are strict consensus topologies. Equal weights parsimony analysis using the ratchet resulted in 240 trees with a length of 831 steps. Implied weights parsimony analysis using random addition sequence + branch-swapping resulted in 8 optimal trees with score 85.20513. Double-digit figures above internal branches are bootstrap values of 50% and over; single-digit figures below branches are Bremer decay index values. Blue shading: osteichthyan total group (dark blue: crown group); orange shading: chondrichthyan total group (dark orange: crown group).