Extended Data Fig. 5: Expression patterns of four highly expressed novel genes at scallop trochophore stage.

(a) Whole mount in situ hybridization of four novel genes (T21316, T16918, T04332, T22991). The spatial expression patterns of T21316 and T16918 showed full-range of the shell field while T04332 and T22991 showed marginal expression around the shell field, which suggested their involvement in the early formation of shell field at the trochophore stage. (b) Expression levels of these novel genes showed their high (TPM: 5,475-40,410) and restricted expression in trochophore but drastic decreased expression at fully shell-formed larval stages and barely no expression in adult mantle (TPM: 0.1-1.2).