Extended Data Fig. 6: Call rates differ between flocking and solo flight.

Colored circles and lines represent individual data points and individual means, respectively. Colors indicate bird ID. Grey diamonds and thick grey lines mark population means and standard deviation, respectively. Take-off: LMM estimates ± SE: −0.16 ± 0.07, p = 0.024, t = −2.29. Sustained flight: LMM estimates ± SE: −0.04 ± 0.01, p = 0.003, t = −3.1. n = 13 sessions per bird for group flight and n = 4 sessions per bird for solo flight.