Extended Data Fig. 3: The association between the number (NISP) of fish remains recovered at GBY, by archaeological horizons in three excavated areas (A, B, C) and the level of taxonomic richness and diversity.

a, A summary table showing the total number of fish remains (NISP), the number of remains identified to genus or species level, species richness (S’), and diversity in three excavated areas (A, B, C), and by archaeological horizon. Area A exhibits highest species richness (S’ = 16), while the lowest values for species richness and diversity are observed at the eight sequential AH of Area B II-6 L1–7 (marked in the light blue background; S’ range between 2 to 6 species). b, Rarefaction curves (calculated with PAST) comparing fish remains NISP and species richness identified at GBY, from areas A (red line), B (blue line), and C (green line). On the graph, in each area, the centre line marks the mean change in species richness according to sample size (NISP), whereas the upper and lower lines display the 95% confidence limit of the sample size and species richness. The rarefaction curves show that in areas A, B, and C, fish remains sample size (NISP) did not influence our ability to reconstruct fish population structure (species richness, diversity, and evenness).