Extended Data Fig. 9: The fraction of total reads identified as taxa with any of the three fire-adaptive strategies.

(a) rRNA (n = 19 for unburned O horizons, n = 19 for moist burn O horizons, n = 18 for dry burn O horizons, n = 11 for unburned mineral horizons, n = 12 for moist burn mineral horizons and n = 13 for dry burn mineral horizons) and (b) DNA samples immediately post-fire (n = 19 for unburned O horizons, n = 18 for moist burn O horizons, n = 18 for dry burn O horizons, n = 11 for unburned mineral horizons, n = 12 for moist burn mineral horizons and n = 13 for dry burn mineral horizons), (c) 5-week fast growth incubation (n = 19 for O horizons of all treatments, n = 11 for unburned mineral horizons, n = 12 for moist burn mineral horizons and n = 12 for dry burn mineral horizons), and (d) 6-month post-fire environmental affinity incubation (n = 19 for O horizons of all treatments, n = 11 for unburned mineral horizons, n = 12 for moist burn mineral horizons and n = 13 for dry burn mineral horizons) following autoclaving and inoculation with unburned soil. The central horizontal line indicates the median, the upper and lower bounds of the box indicate the inter-quartile range (IQR), the upper and lower whiskers reach the largest or smallest values within a maximum of 1.5 × IQR, and data beyond the whiskers are indicated as individual points.