Extended Data Fig. 2: Numerical staging table for Tribolium castaneum.
From: A life-history allele of large effect shortens developmental time in a wild insect population
Largely based on93,94. (a) 0 = no nuclei at surface; (b) 1 = undifferentiated blastoderm (equal nuclei at the surface). (c) 2 = differentiated blastoderm (the large polyploid nuclei of the serosa can be distinguished from the more dense, smaller nuclei of the germ rudiment). (d) 3 = gastrulation (amnion and serosa fold over the embryo; serosal window not yet closed). (e) 4 = extending germband (serosa closed). (f) 5 = extended germ band (distance between posterior end and head is small, size bar; limbs are buds). (g) 6 = limbs growing and extending (head and posterior of the germband still close, see size bar; limbs well developing and extending). (h) 7 = retracting germband (dorsal distance between head and posterior end of the embryo increases again). (i) 8 = completely retracted germband. (j) 9 = start of dorsal closure (rupture of the extraembryonic membranes, dorsal organ formation). (k) 10 = dorsal closure in progress (dorsal organ flatter, lateral sides of the embryo have moved towards dorsal). (l) 11 = dorsal closure completed (lateral sides of the embryo dorsally fused). (m) 12 = hatching (still in vitelline membrane). (n) 13 = hatched (out of vitelline membrane). Scalebar in (a) = 200 µm and applies to all panels.
