Fig. 5: Current species’ joint niche marginality.

a–h, The colours represent the pixel tally of species with trailing-edge niche conditions. The left panels show the results under severe climate change (SSP/GCM: 5-8.5/UKISM1-0-LL). The right panels show the results under milder climate change (3-7.0/MPI-ESM1-2_HR). The data represent 70 amphibian species (a,b), 16 birds (c,d), 8 European carnivorans (e,f) and 91 tree species (g,h).