Extended Data Fig. 5: Nighttime atmospheric measurements by InSight on sol 142, showing simultaneous gravity-wave oscillations of pressure and winds.

(a) Perturbations of the zonal and meridional wind components, obtained by first removing high-frequency fluctuations from raw wind measurements using a 100-s smoothing window, then subtracting the long-term variations obtained by a 3700-s (one martian-hour) smoothing window. (b) Perturbations of pressure obtained similarly as (a), except 100-s low-pass filtering is not performed. (c) Wavelet analysis of the perturbation zonal component shown in (a), with similar range on the x-axis as in (a). (d) Same as (c) for the perturbation pressure shown in (b).