Table 1 OSL results and sample information

From: Fraser Island (K'gari) and initiation of the Great Barrier Reef linked by Middle Pleistocene sea-level change

Map code	Lab code	Metres above sea level	No. of aliquots^a	Total dose rate (Gy kyr^–1)^b	D_E ± 2σ s.e. (Gy)^c	D₀ ± 1σ (Gy)^d	OSL age ± 1σ s.e. (ka)
Dune package 1
RB7^e	USU-2256	5	14 (32)	0.21 ± 0.01	158.8 ± 19.5	111.8 ± 51.9	750 ± 80
RB12^e	USU-2261	6	15 (28)	0.26 ± 0.01	230.8 ± 29.1	115.9 ± 29.0	880 ± 90
RB5^e	USU-2013	10	17 (33)	0.17 ± 0.01	220.6 ± 31.3	112.3 ± 25.6	1,260 ± 140
RB10^e	USU-2259	58	18 (34)	0.25 ± 0.01	277.1 ± 47.7	(125.1 ± 40.7)	1,130 ± 140
Dune package 2
RB1	USU-2004	5	17 (25)	0.43 ± 0.02	215.0 ± 31.5	111.9 ± 61.8	500 ± 50
RB2	USU-2005	8	20 (31)	0.40 ± 0.02	224.8 ± 31.0	112.4 ± 56.9	570 ± 70
RB9	USU-2258	8	18 (25)	0.21 ± 0.01	150.2 ± 22.2	90.6 ± 38.9	710 ± 80
RB6 ^f	USU-2014	16	18 (31)	0.24 ± 0.01	205.2 ± 31.3	122.7 ± 53.7	860 ± 100
RB8	USU-2257	22	20 (27)	0.23 ± 0.01	155.3 ± 18.4	92.5 ± 31.2	680 ± 70
RB11	USU-2260	60	17 (28)	0.26 ± 0.01	173.6 ± 22.2	121.7 ± 56.5	670 ± 70
RB13	USU-2262	65	18 (24)	0.28 ± 0.01	202.5 ± 28.3	103.0 ± 31.6	720 ± 80
Dune package 3
RB14	USU-2264	68	17 (29)	0.61 ± 0.03	283.6 ± 42.7	106.3 ± 48.2	470 ± 50
RB16	USU-2015	72	25 (37)	0.30 ± 0.01	160.2 ± 11.2	117.0 ± 60.2	530 ± 50
RB15	USU-2009	74	17 (24)	0.11 ± 0.01	48.6 ± 4.7	76.5 ± 25.6	430 ± 50
Dune package 4
RB19	USU-2008	75	19 (25)	0.26 ± 0.01	42.1 ± 4.4	58.7 ± 19.6	160 ± 20
RB18	USU-2007	80	20 (22)	0.34 ± 0.01	52.3 ± 4.6	67.0 ± 19.1	150 ± 10
RB17	USU-2263	82	16 (21)	0.86 ± 0.04	90.7 ± 8.6	86.5 ± 25.8	100 ± 10
Dune package 5
RB20^f	USU-2017	85	20 (24)	0.17 ± 0.01	10.3 ± 1.4	62.2 ± 38.1	61 ± 8
RB21^f	USU-2016	87	21 (28)	0.20 ± 0.01	10.7 ± 1.7	67.0 ± 37.3	53 ± 7
Fraser Island cliffs
SRG4	USU-2391	14	15 (34)	0.32 ± 0.01	243.3 ± 34.6	155.5 ± 93.3	780 ± 80
SRG3	USU-2392	17	23 (33)	0.19 ± 0.01	144.5 ± 16.1	102.7 ± 36.9	770 ± 80
SRG2	USU-2393	18	17 (37)	0.23 ± 0.01	180.9 ± 25.8	95.8 ± 20.0	790 ± 90
SRG1	USU-2394	23	19 (37)	0.29 ± 0.01	184.8 ± 11.7	92.3 ± 19.0	650 ± 60

For sample location and stratigraphical information, see Extended Data Figs. 1–5. Dose–response and signal–decay luminescence curves are provided in Extended Data Fig 6. Radial plots displaying D_E values and distributions for all samples are provided in Extended Data Fig. 7.
^aAge analysis using the single-aliquot regenerative-dose procedure of Murray and Wintle²⁵ on 1 mm small aliquots of 180–250 μm quartz sand. Number of aliquots used in age calculation and number of aliquots analysed in parentheses.
^bSee Table 2 for contributing radio-elemental data for external dose rate and Extended Data Table 1 for internal dose rate. Internal dose rate is assumed to be 0.018 ± 0.001 for all samples that are not presented in Extended Data Table 1. Total dose rate is derived from concentrations by conversion factors from Guérin et al.⁵² and beta-attenuation factors of Brennan⁵³ and includes cosmic dose (Prescott and Hutton⁵⁴) and attenuation from water.
^cEquivalent dose (D_E) calculated using the Central Age Model of Galbraith and Roberts⁵⁵. Uncertainty reported at two sigma standard error (s.e.).
^dMean characteristic dose of saturation (D₀) and 1 s.d. range calculated from the dose–response curves of all accepted aliquots. D_E values greater than 2 × D₀ may be underestimated due to interpolation onto a saturating exponential. Parentheses around the D₀ value indicate it is >2D_E. Only sample USU-2259 fit this category, but the 2D₀ and D_E values are within error, suggesting the D_E and age from this sample might be underestimated slightly.
^eSamples are stratigraphically near reversed palaeomagnetic samples (Extended Data Table 2).
^fThese samples were collected above the cliff from exposed units in the Carlo Blowout. Originally published in ref. ²²

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Table 1 OSL results and sample information

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