Extended Data Fig. 5: Another example of rupture behaviors on the more heterogeneous fault.
From: Fault strength and rupture process controlled by fault surface topography
a, b, c, Evolution of local shear stress waveforms during three time intervals for a second rupture event. d, e, f, Evolution of AE waveforms during the same time intervals as in a, b, and c. The amplitude of AE waveforms has been normalized by the maximum value. In the scale bar, a.u. stands for arbitrary unit. In a, b, d, and e, purple dashed curve indicates the SG-estimated trajectory of rupture front during the precursory stage, while vertical double arrow denotes the size of nucleation zone. In c and f, purple dotted curve indicates the SG-estimated trajectory of rupture front during the mainshock stage. Red arrows in a and d indicate the locations of 4 prominent asperities. In this example, two big foreshocks sequentially occurred near A4 and A2, which caused quite large stress drops in the nearby SGs. As a result, although the mainshock initially could propagate as a supershear rupture near A1, later it decelerated to a subshear rupture and remained so along the western portion of the fault.
